Introduction Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition that significantly impacts the health of women of reproductive age worldwide. Approximately 10% of reproductive-aged women and girls are affected by this condition [1]. As a complex estrogen-dependent disease, endometriosis can onset from menarche and persist until menopause. There is currently no cure; treatments primarily aim to alleviate …Read More >

Precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) are an effective ex vivo model for studying human diseases, including those involving the tissue microenvironment. PCTS represent a more in vivo-like model for studying complex interactions within tissues compared to cell cultures or in vitro systems. PCTS preserve the original tissue structure, including the extracellular matrix (ECM), immune components, and …Read More >

Gout is a common type of inflammatory arthritis caused by elevated uric acid levels in the blood. When uric acid levels are too high, monosodium urate (MSU) crystals can form in the body, especially in and around joints. These MSU crystals are sharp and can cause inflammation when they are deposited in the joints, leading …Read More >

From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Innovations Introduction: Membranous nephropathy (MN) has received particular attention among autoimmune kidney disease due to its distinct pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. Unlike other autoimmune nephropathies, MN is primarily driven by pathogenic autoantibodies that activate immune cells, leading to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses that compromise the glomerular filtration barrier [1, 2]. …Read More >

Systemic sclerosis (also known as scleroderma) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to the buildup of scar tissue in various internal organs, as well as the skin. Fibrosis is a key feature of systemic sclerosis, where uncontrolled production of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins by fibroblasts leads to excess connective tissue accumulation. This …Read More >

Introduction In recognition of International Women’s Day, we spotlight women’s health—a continuously evolving global healthcare issue. The year 2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, where the landmark Beijing Declaration was adopted. This pivotal document systematically outlined an action framework for advocating women’s rights, with a particular emphasis …Read More >

Introduction: Women spend about one-third of their lives in menopause or post-menopause, a period that marks the gradual decline of their reproductive capabilities [1, 2]. Menopause typically begins between the ages of 45 and 55 and is marked by 12 consecutive months without menstruation. Menopausal syndrome refers to a series of physiological and psychological symptoms …Read More >

Kidney diseases are complex conditions caused by a variety of factors, including autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, infections, drug side effects, and genetics. Kidney diseases can lead to a range of complications, including kidney failure, anemia, electrolyte imbalances, and nerve damage, thereby affecting the quality of life. To drive breakthroughs in this critical field, WuXi AppTec …Read More >

Introduction: Fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) within an organ, leading to significant damage to its structure and function, which can potentially impact multiple organs such as the lungs, liver, heart, kidneys, and skin (Fig.1). Notable examples of fibrotic diseases include idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), liver cirrhosis, …Read More >